index

Multilingual Statistics

Effect Size Calculator for Z

Calculate r from Z and N


×





Z value: Total number of data points (N):

For Results Section:

Your results will be printed here:



Please cite the book below if used for research purposes.

Spring, R. (2026). From concept to calculation: Classical statistics in language education research. TESL-EJ Publications.

Get the free book here or purchase it here. Get explanations, sample data and explanatory Excel Sheets here.

Visit the research page of the creator, Ryan Spring, for examples of these tests used in practical research.